Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers · code 6130
Mixed crop and animal producers
Mixed crop and animal producers plan, organize and perform farming operations to grow and harvest field, tree and various other crops, as well as to breed, raise and tend animals and to produce a variety of animal husbandry products, for sale or delivery to wholesale buyers, marketing organizations or at markets. Tasks include - (a) monitoring market activity and conditions, determining kinds and amounts of crops to be grown and animals to be raised, and planning and coordinating production accordingly; (b) purchasing seeds, fertilizer, and other supplies; (c) performing operations such as land preparation, sowing, planting, cultivating and harvesting crops; (d) producing or buying fodder and other food supplies; (e) breeding, raising and tending animals; (f) killing and skinning animals, and preparing animals or animal products for market; (g) renting or investing in and maintaining and cleaning farm buildings, machinery, equipment, and structures; (h) storing and carrying out some processing of produce; (i) promoting and marketing products, arranging the sale, purchase and transportation of livestock, produce and supplies and maintaining and evaluating records of farm activities and transactions; (j) training and supervising workers in animal care procedures, maintenance duties, and health and safety precautions and hiring and discharging workers and contractors. Examples of the occupations classified here: - Farmer (mixed farming) - Skilled farm worker (mixed farming) Some related occupations classified elsewhere: - Agricultural production manager - 1311 - Plantation manager - 1311 - Mixed farm labourer - 9213 Notes Farmers and other skilled agricultural workers whose tasks predominantly involve either raising animals or growing crops, but also involve some incidental activity in crop growing or tending animals respectively, should not be included in Unit Group 6130: Mixed Crop and Animal Producers. For example, a farmer who raises cattle for the market but also spends a small amount of time growing garden vegetables should be classified in Unit Group 6121: Livestock and Dairy Producers. Similarly, a wheat farmer who keeps a small number of chickens and other farmyard animals should be classified in Unit Group 6111: Field Crop and Vegetable Growers. Workers on mixed farms who specialize in either crop or animal production for the market should be classified in the relevant unit group in Minor Groups 611: Market Gardeners and Crop Growers, or 612: Animal Producers, as appropriate.
None of this job's tasks scored high enough to count. It ranks 131 of 427 for holding up against AI.
Also known as
- farm manager
- mixed farmer
Job titles from the EU's ESCO list. Search for any of them on the jobs page and you'll end up here.
against AI Not Exposed
AI could take on 19 of 100, on average
so it holds up at 100 − 19 = 81
That's the whole sum, and you can check it against the ILO's study.
out of 100
From O*NET, averaged across 3 US jobs
and cramped
finger skill 41 · hand skill 40.5 · cramped spaces 24.4 · averaged
Kind of hands-on work · hands-on 50+ · fiddly under 39.4 Hands-on, less fiddly work
Less fine handwork and fewer cramped spaces than a typical hands-on job. That clears one hurdle for machines. It doesn't mean machines are doing this work yet.
estimated O*NET 31.0 BLS occupational crosswalk chain ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC (Aug 2012, rev. Jun 2015); 2010 to 2018 SOC (Nov 2017); O*NET-SOC 2019 taxonomy data 0.7-work-setting measures chosen by Frey & Osborne (2017) · the grouping is a sorting, not a measurement
This number is probably too high
This score only looks at AI tools like chatbots. It doesn't look at robots at all — and this job rates 67.1 out of 100 for how hands-on it is, which is exactly where robots come in.
Have a look at the tasks below and judge for yourself. The ILO scored them low because a chatbot can't do them. Whether a machine with hands could is a different question, and we can't answer it yet.
The tasks behind the score
The score is the average of these. A job is really a bundle of tasks, and an average can hide how uneven that bundle is.
The task AI could do most of scores 43.5, while the average is 19. A big gap means some of this job is wide open to AI and some of it barely at all. That's quite different from a job where everything sits somewhere in the middle, even when the averages match.
- 43.5
Monitoring market activity and conditions, determining kinds and amounts of crops to be grown and animals to be raised, and planning and coordinating production accordingly
Low - 33.5
Promoting and marketing products, arranging the sale, purchase and transportation of livestock, produce and supplies, and maintaining and evaluating records of farm activities and transactions
Low - 24
Training and supervising workers in animal care procedures, maintenance duties and health and safety precautions, and hiring and discharging workers and contractors.
Very Low - 17.3
Purchasing seeds, fertilizer and other supplies
Very Low - 15
Renting or investing in, and maintaining and cleaning farm buildings, machinery, equipment and structures
Very Low - 14
Producing or buying fodder and other food supplies
Very Low - 13.5
Storing and carrying out some processing of produce
Very Low - 12
Breeding, raising and tending animals
Very Low - 8.8
Performing operations such as land preparation, sowing, planting, cultivating and harvesting crops
Very Low - 8.5
Killing and skinning animals, and preparing animals or animal products for market
Very Low
10 tasks · the High to Very Low labels are the ILO's
from the source Working Paper 140, Generative AI and Jobs 2025 index data 0.7-work-setting
Compared with similar jobs
There are 18 jobs in the “Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers” group, averaging 83.8. This one is below that.
- Hunters and trappers 91
- Subsistence fishers, hunters, trapper… 88.2
- Forestry and related workers 88.1
- Subsistence mixed crop and livestock … 88.1
- Subsistence crop farmers 87.4
- Subsistence livestock farmers 87.3
- Livestock and dairy producers 83
- Tree and shrub crop growers 82.9
- Mixed crop growers 82.8
- Inland and coastal waters fishery wor… 82.5
- Field crop and vegetable growers 82.4
- Deep-sea fishery workers 82.4
- Gardeners, horticultural and nursery … 81.6
- Poultry producers 81.1
- Animal producers not elsewhere classi… 80
- Apiarists and sericulturists 77.8
- Aquaculture workers 77.5