ISCO 4211 · O*NET 43-3071.00 · codes unverified
Bank teller
Near the bottom of the site, and the most misread job in the whole automation argument. The cash machine did not end the teller. What ended the teller came later, and it looked like a phone.
Chapter one. The example everybody cites, usually to prove the opposite of what happened. Read the essay →
Most of what this job was is being rebuilt. What replaces it is a different job with the same name.
Scale, labels and thresholds are provisional. This is open question Q-02.
19 of 20 in the launch set
How the score is made
Four declared inputs, never collapsed into one number. Assistance is kept apart from outright automation, because a tool that makes you faster and a tool that replaces you are not the same event. Physical work counts as shelter only to the extent robotics cannot reach it.
The full method is written out, including what it cannot tell you.
Note on this occupation Tellers per branch fell while branch numbers rose, for about two decades after the cash machine arrived. The honest version of this story includes both halves, and it includes the people who did lose their jobs.
- Assisted
- 40
- Done outright
- 76
- Physical
- 20
- Robotics reach
- 55
Higher is generally good news. It means more of the work gets faster without the work going away.
This is the number most people mean when they say exposure. It is kept separate from assistance on purpose.
Protective only for as long as robotics cannot reach it. Read this one next to the robotics number, never alone.
Low reach turns physical work into shelter. High reach turns it into the main exposure.
placeholder Working Paper 140, Generative AI and Jobs 2025 index O*NET 31.0 data 0.1-placeholder
What changes
Tasks moving to machines, in whole or in part.
- Cash handling, deposits and routine transfers.
- Account opening and identity checks.
- Balance queries and statement requests.
What stays human
Tasks that need a person, and why.
- Recognising when a transaction is not what it appears to be.
- Sitting with someone who has lost control of their money.
- Being a physical place a community can walk into.
What's new
Work that did not exist in this job ten years ago.
- Fraud and vulnerability work that regulation now requires a person for.
- Advising on products rather than processing them.
- Supporting the customers digital channels leave behind.
These three lists are editorial commentary, written against task-level data but not generated from it (OCC-05). Treat them as the author's reading, not as output.
Compare with another job
Pick one. You get a card with both scores, both sets of components, and a link worth sending to someone.
- Hairdresser 84
- Plumber 82
- Primary school teacher 79
- Electrician 79
- Aged care worker 75
- General practitioner 73
- Registered nurse 72
- Chef 69
- Fashion designer 65
- Civil engineer 59
- Product designer 55
- Software developer 44
- Graphic designer 43
- Heavy truck driver 34
- Data analyst 32
- Paralegal 31
- Accountant 28
- Copywriter 24
- Customer service representative 12
Sources used on this page
- Working Paper 140, Generative AI and Jobs
International Labour Organization · 2025 index · Confirm
- O*NET
US Department of Labor · 31.0 · CC BY 4.0