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Elementary occupations · code 9332

Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles and machinery

Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles and machinery drive animal-drawn vehicles to transport passengers or goods, as well as animal-drawn machinery usually in connection with farming. Tasks include - (a) harnessing animals and hitching them to vehicles or machinery; (b) loading or unloading goods, or assisting passengers in getting on or off a vehicle; (c) driving animals in the desired direction with due regard to other traffic and traffic regulations; (d) collecting fares or charges; (e) driving animals to haul wagons in mines or quarries; (f) driving animals hitched to farm or other machinery; (g) driving working elephants; (h) maintaining vehicle or machinery, making minor repairs and installing replacement parts; (i) grooming and feeding animals. Examples of the occupations classified here: - Animal-drawn vehicle driver - Animal train driver - Mahout Some related occupations classified elsewhere: - Jockey - 3421

None of this job's tasks scored high enough to count. It ranks 50 of 427 for holding up against AI.

Also known as

  • carriage driver

Job titles from the EU's ESCO list. Search for any of them on the jobs page and you'll end up here.

86.8
Holds up
against AI Not Exposed

AI could take on 13.2 of 100, on average
so it holds up at 100 − 13.2 = 86.8

That's the whole sum, and you can check it against the ILO's study.

65.3
How hands-on
out of 100

From O*NET, matched to one US job

43.2
How fiddly
and cramped

finger skill 32.1 · hand skill 46.4 · cramped spaces 51.2 · averaged

Kind of hands-on work · hands-on 50+ · fiddly 39.4+ Hands-on, fiddly work in tight spaces

More fine handwork, and more time in cramped or awkward spots, than a typical hands-on job. That is exactly what machines find hardest: they do best in tidy, predictable places.

estimated O*NET 31.0 BLS occupational crosswalk chain ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC (Aug 2012, rev. Jun 2015); 2010 to 2018 SOC (Nov 2017); O*NET-SOC 2019 taxonomy data 0.7-work-setting measures chosen by Frey & Osborne (2017) · the grouping is a sorting, not a measurement

This number is probably too high

This score only looks at AI tools like chatbots. It doesn't look at robots at all — and this job rates 65.3 out of 100 for how hands-on it is, which is exactly where robots come in.

Have a look at the tasks below and judge for yourself. The ILO scored them low because a chatbot can't do them. Whether a machine with hands could is a different question, and we can't answer it yet.

The tasks behind the score

The score is the average of these. A job is really a bundle of tasks, and an average can hide how uneven that bundle is.

The task AI could do most of scores 32.5, while the average is 13.2. A big gap means some of this job is wide open to AI and some of it barely at all. That's quite different from a job where everything sits somewhere in the middle, even when the averages match.

  1. 32.5

    Collecting fares or charges

    Low
  2. 16

    Driving animals in the desired direction with due regard to other traffic and traffic regulations

    Very Low
  3. 15

    Maintaining vehicle or machinery, making minor repairs and installing replacement parts

    Very Low
  4. 13.8

    Loading or unloading goods, or assisting passengers in getting on or off a vehicle

    Very Low
  5. 13.5

    Grooming and feeding animals.

    Very Low
  6. 9.9

    Driving animals hitched to farm or other machinery

    Very Low
  7. 8.3

    Driving working elephants

    Very Low
  8. 5.5

    Harnessing animals and hitching them to vehicles or machinery

    Very Low
  9. 4.8

    Driving animals to haul wagons in mines or quarries

    Very Low

9 tasks · the High to Very Low labels are the ILO's

from the source Working Paper 140, Generative AI and Jobs 2025 index data 0.7-work-setting

Helped, or replaced?

The score above can't tell a tool that makes you faster from one that does the task instead of you. Jobs and Skills Australia looked at those two things separately, and this is their result, matched to this job.

One Australian job matches this one closely, so this is about as reliable as it gets here.

AI helps you
41
AI does it for you
20

Helping wins by 21 points.

estimated Our Gen AI Transition (Gen AI Capacity Study) September 2025 detailed data release data 0.7-work-setting matched to Australian jobs 8999

Compared with similar jobs

There are 33 jobs in the “Elementary occupations” group, averaging 84.9. This one is above that.